Sunday, June 30, 2013

Homeward Bound

            And my time here in Tanzania has come to an end– for now! It’s our last day at Moyo Hill and it’s been very bittersweet. We had a program debrief with all of the staff members this morning – professors, student manager, kitchen crew, night guards, drivers, etc. It was a really nice (and emotional!) way to look back on the experience in all its academic, field work, and cultural aspects. I’m so sad to be leaving, but at the same time I can’t wait to go home. Culture shock is already starting to set in, and I’m beginning to slowly transition myself into getting a grip on working for the rest of the summer.
            Even so, this whole month has gone by in a flash. And I know people always say that about the incredible trips they go on, and this one is no exception. We were so immersed in field work and cultural experiences that time just vanished. It’s hard to believe that by this time tomorrow, I’ll already be at the Kilimanjaro airport waiting to fly back to Amsterdam and then, finally, JFK. I’m ready to go, but I know I’ll be missing the great friendships I’ve made, even in such a short period of time.
            But as I said before, this trip has gone above and beyond my wildest expectations. Going into it, I’m sure many of you had asked me what I would be doing here. And to tell you the truth – I had no idea. I knew I was going to be learning about wildlife management. But in all honesty, what did that even mean? Now, when you ask me that question again, you’ll be much more satisfied with my answer, that’s for sure. The techniques the professors taught us to use in the field are ones we’ll keep with us for years as aspiring environmental conservationists! Everything we’ve learned has made us better students and better thinkers – wildlife management is now at the forefront of my academic interests!
            As I start to pack up my bags, the feeling I felt when I was leaving Kenya the summer before my senior year of high school (when I was a young 17 year old!) is very similar. I’ve enjoyed my time immensely in my second home in Africa (Brooklyn is first, but does Cornell count as a third?). I have no regrets at all during the trip – every experience in the field, every bit of knowledge of species ecology, cultural values, and human-wildlife conflicts have been sopped up and stored in my mind forever. But most importantly, without fail, Africa continues to floor me with its unconditional warmth and welcome – which is not what Africa is always known for back in the United States. It’s truly become a place where I feel I’ve been able to appreciate life more than ever before and see the world in a vastly different light.
            Thanks again to everyone who read about my adventures! I really enjoyed sharing photos and stories along the way. Have a wonderful rest of the summer – see you soon in Brooklyn, North Haven, or Ithaca! Love you all.

Last group photo!

Friday, June 28, 2013

And we're back!

            What a way to end a birthday! We’re back from the Serengeti, which was everything we had hoped for and more. It was nothing short of amazing and although it’s sad to leave, what we’ve seen has definitely lived up to expectations.
            After 564 pictures in 4 days, I’d say I had a lot to edit when I got back to camp. But after going through it all, my memory has been refreshed on everything we did. Our schedule consisted of two exercises a day: bird watching in the morning and carnivore searching in the afternoon. For three days we got up at 6:00 am and went out to count species of birds we saw for 4 hours and then we would head back to the camp site for a rest and lunch. After lunch, we would complete the carnivore exercise, which was essentially driving around to observe carnivores and their activities at different times in the afternoon. Although there was that academic side, most of it was really just enjoying the wildlife and taking pictures (which none of us were complaining about!).
            I can proudly say that after this trip to Africa, I’ve finally completed seeing the “Big Five” – lions, leopards, buffalo, elephants, and rhinoceros. In the Serengeti, we saw more leopards than we expected to! And although it’s not on the Big Five list, we saw a handful of cheetahs as well! None of them were close enough to take clear pictures, but we were able to see them on multiple occasions through our binoculars. No crazy-National-Geographic-cheetah-running photos, but still so cool!
            One of the most memorable moments we witnessed was a stand-off between an elephant herd and a lion pride. The lion pride (about 15 lions) was sitting under some trees for shade. As we took pictures, we really didn’t notice the herd of elephants (about 15 as well) coming towards the same area the lions were resting in. They were walking so slowly and quietly that all of our attention was initially just on the lions. But the lions, unlike us, were paying attention to the elephant herd, and as they came closer, the lions began to get up and move away from the trees they had been sitting under. But the elephants kept coming closer to the lions and eventually trumpeted at them, scattering the lions in front of our car and across the road to the other trees. Both the elephants and lions were extremely vocal – growling and thundering at each other. Luckily, I was able to record the entire exchange! So the next time you see me, I have the video evidence!
            We packed up early this morning and are back at camp for the next 2 days until we leave. We have a free day tomorrow for shopping, hiking, and relaxing. And on Sunday we close with a group dinner and closing discussion about the program. It’s unreal to think that I’ve been here for a month already. But I am ready to go home! I’ll save the sappy stuff for my last post, but until then here are some of the pictures from the expedition! Check Facebook at some point later today for some more!

At a pit stop on the way to the Serengeti

Saw this little guy just hanging out!

Storks sleeping on an early morning bird watching drive

Leopard!

Not a bad view from our campsite!

Best picture of a lion all trip came on our last day - not zoomed it at all!

Sunday, June 23, 2013

Off to the Serengeti!

            And the academics are done! I took the final exam this morning and have been relaxing and playing volleyball for the rest of the afternoon. It’s been such a great time so far that the academic portion of this program really didn't seem like academics at all. But I guess that's how you know you’re doing something you truly love to do!
            And tomorrow (bright and early - 6:00 am!) we head off to the Serengeti for five days! Although we’ll be doing some activities and note taking, most of it will be game drives in the early morning hours where we’ll be viewing more birds, carnivores, and mammals. We’ll be in tents with four people to a tent. The camp site also has toilets, showers, a dining area and a small kitchen. Everyone here is super antsy and ready to go, including me! I’m all packed and can’t wait! As I said before – no internet. But the day we return to camp here at Moyo Hill (June 28th – my birthday!), I’ll be able to share photos and stories again. You'll all just have to wait in suspense for a few days!
            To end this blog post, I just wanted to thank everyone who has been checking in with the blog up to this point. Whether it’s just been a few times or everyday (ahem… MOM!), I’m so happy that you have gotten to see snip-its of what I've been seeing, and, more importantly, that I've had the ability to share all of it with you. The stories, the pictures, the entire experience – it really isn't worth anything unless I get to share it with the people I care about and love so much. So thank you to all of you for being there for me even when I’m all the way over here. I can't tell you how much I appreciate it.

Saturday, June 22, 2013

Goat Roast! (Warning - one slightly graphic picture!)

            Well, I lied about being blog-less, but this couldn’t wait! If you’ve been on facebook, you would have seen this already – it wouldn’t be a proper trip to Africa without witnessing a goat slaughter. I had forgotten that we were having a goat roast today as a study break and to sort of celebrate almost being done with work for the program. But, of course, you can’t have a goat roast without a goat.
            All I can say, it that it only took 5 seconds from start to finish – which I was happily surprised about (for my own and the goat’s sake). And I have a new found appreciation for butchery. It’s most definitely an art form that I am now fascinated by. Also, I can now appreciate the human body much more – seeing everything that works inside a (previously) living organism just shows how incredibly engineered the human body is.
            Back to studying – but this was definitely an experience to write down. Hopefully this isn’t too gory for anyone! But it’s part of the culture here and you know what they say – when in Rome… (or Tanzania, in this case…)


Thursday, June 20, 2013

Wildlife Management Association

            Today was long but still fun and eventful! We drove a long way to conduct an interview with the WMA (Wildlife Management Association) in Burunge – about 2 hours. It was interesting to hear about what they were doing to help the local communities regain control of their natural resources. Although I just took a class about community based resource management this past semester, it was really refreshing to hear and observe it happening in person. The wildlife incentive for the community is to bring in tourism. The more wildlife that sticks around, the more the tourist attractions in the community (lodges, tours, safaris, etc.) can benefit. With more tourism, there are much higher levels of income for the community and its members. What the WMA does is take the money that they gain from tourism and give it back to the communities so they can use it for whatever needs they may have – construction, food sources, water, etc.
            The committee we interviewed told us that out of the seven villages involved with the WMA, six of them are happy and still working well with the committee. The one village that declined to continue working with them did so because they wanted to try and collect tourism income for their own village instead of sharing the profits with the six other villages. But for the most part, the other villages are very pleased with the system. The WMA provides education opportunities about wildlife, relationship trust between the people and the committee, and most importantly, employment. All of the work that goes towards tourism in the villages is done by local community members. Whether it’s building roads, new hotels, or more buildings, community workers are the ones to construct them.
            After the interview, we headed to this small basket-weaving shop down the road where village women make baskets with reeds. It was a cute little place – the whole group probably bought half of what was in there! The elder women were also very nice. They let us take pictures of them weaving and proudly showed off their work – and enjoyed seeing themselves in the pictures, too!
            When everyone had bought their baskets, we went into Mto Wa Mbu again to relax a little before heading back to camp. We went to this place called Pizza Point, where they actually make really good pizzas! The owner was also so nice. He makes all the pizzas himself and does so in a tiny kitchen on display in the front where we ordered. For being away from pizza so long, it was delicious!
            The next few days are going to be a bit blog-less. We are handing in our last paper tonight and then the only work that remains is the final exam, which is on Sunday. We have a study period tomorrow and Saturday to prepare for it, so we’re not really able to leave the camp grounds or do much else other than study. But after we take the test, we’ll be heading to the Serengeti! So excited! Obviously, there’s no internet there. So I’ll write one more post after the exam and before we leave on Monday.

Hanging outside the office!

The view from the WMA area

Making friends :) 

Watching skilled hands basket weave

Wednesday, June 19, 2013

Ngorongoro Crater and Conservation Area

           Our professor didn't lie! We saw BOTH lions and rhinos! It was truly an amazing area to explore. There isn't too much to write about – the pictures really say it all. Enjoy!

Casually hanging out with some baboons at the entrance

Inside the crater!

Rhinos!

Another zebra picture!

Hippo caught in the act!

LION! She didn't turn around to face us, but she was eating something the pride had just killed.

A trail of wildebeests

Tuesday, June 18, 2013

Not much today... but plenty more tomorrow!

           Not much happened around camp today except lectures and working on papers, but tomorrow is going to be amazing! We’re going to the Ngorongoro Crater – another national conservation area. And according to one of our professors, we have a 100% chance of seeing lions and an 80% chance of seeing a rhino! If he’s right (which he usually is based on past promises of elephants and bird sightings), then it’s going to be a great trip. So plenty of pictures to come tomorrow evening – until then, cross your fingers for some lions and rhinos! 

Monday, June 17, 2013

Manyara Ranch - Interview with the Manager

            Well today was a bit chaotic, but it ended up being very interesting and informative! We drove to Manyara Ranch and split into our groups for the day (mine was management of the ranch). However, the manager was nowhere to be found. We drove around to where some villages within the ranch said they had seen him, but he wasn’t there either! I was beginning to think this interview was not going to happen, but apparently the manager was in his new office which was at a different location than we were told. Once we met him, he was very welcoming and very thoughtful with his answers to us, which was a relief after chasing him down all morning!
            He had with him a head ranger from the ranch and an elder community member who was one of the leaders of the neighboring community. First he told us about the background information on the ranch. It’s about 45,000 hectares and can support about 4,000 cattle. It mainly sustains cattle, but also has sheep and goats come through as well. There are crossbreeding projects happening in the ranch, as well as a bee keeping project as an experiment to see if the communities surrounding the ranch can use the bees and an economic resource.
            The ranger picked up from there and told us that there are many issues with wildlife coming into the ranch and taking away resources and livestock from the area. Issues of diseases, such as bovine fever and worms, being passed from wildlife to livestock are a big problem – specifically with cattle that tend to be grazing in the same places as wildlife like wildebeests and zebras. Poaching of elephants and zebras used to be a major problem in the ranch, but within the past year the ranger said they have restructured their security of the ranch and added additional staff members to ensure livestock and wildlife safety from hunters.
            The community elder talked about the benefits of having the ranch in the place where it is now. It is a central point for seven surrounding villages, which are given access to the resources such as water and grasses for the livestock during the dry season. In addition to gaining resource benefits, the community members are also gaining awareness of the importance of keeping wildlife around through programs and education that the ranch staff is providing. Schools have been sponsored and constructed in the area so that children of the farmers in these communities can go to school and learn about wildlife practices and sustainable ways to keep livestock. Some families in the area are even given cattle to fatten up and then sell at the marketplace to gain economic support by sponsors of the ranch. Also, many people are employed on the ranch – from jobs like becoming rangers, construction workers, or community representatives.
            After hearing the background on the ranch, we got to ask a few questions of our own. We were mostly interested in what was being done to prevent hunting, disease, and resource depletion on the ranch. The manager and ranger both said that because of the increased security measures and the hiring of informants in the communities, poaching has decreased drastically. They have many people living in the communities that are being paid to report when they hear news about hunting. As for disease, they use pesticides to prevent tick-borne diseases and they try to rotate grazing so that cattle are not grazing in the same areas as wildebeests – which are the source of most cases of bovine fever in cattle. This also helps with the resource management problem. With rotations of livestock grazing and limiting the times when community farmers can bring in their livestock, there is little chance of too much grazing in a particular area and a decrease in food.
            Lastly, we asked about how the community attitudes have changed towards wildlife (if at all) since the ranch has been dealing with more wildlife sightings. The managers said that the state is somewhere in the middle – community members still don’t like wildlife, especially the carnivores that can attack their cattle, but they are learning more about how to appreciate the wildlife being there and what long term benefits it can have (tourism, biodiversity, etc.). Overall, the conversation was very informative and ended up being a very cool way to listen to some authorities talk about the issues we’re trying to investigate. 

An overcast day at Manyara Ranch

Impalas!

Sunday, June 16, 2013

Second Non-Program Day: Biking and Shopping

            First off, a very Happy Father’s Day to all you dads out there, but especially to you, Pops! Love you so much! Can't wait to share all these stories and pictures with you in two weeks!
            Today was a non-program day and a group of us went on a biking trip through town and ended at Lake Manyara where we stopped and took some photos of the lake and the mountains. We biked back to town and stopped at a nearby woodcarving shop, where the workers showed us some of their process. The carvings were beautiful and the craftsman ship in progress was very cool to watch. After biking, we headed into the Maasai Market in Mto Wa Mbu, a town next to camp, and shopped around for a bit – bargaining, of course.
            Later on, we went to a small restaurant for lunch, where we drank banana milkshakes and had a few snacks. I’m not a huge fan of bananas other than in their regular form, but these milkshakes were unbelievably good! Not too sweet and just enough milk. So good!
            We finally returned to camp and after a few hours of exhaustive bargaining and a lot of biking, I’m sore and tired. But the day was a great break from lectures and projects. Tomorrow we’re heading the Manyara Ranch, which is part of the Manyara conservation area. We've been split up into groups and my group is dealing with the issue of management of the ranch and how it can become more sustainable while also dealing with the problems of wildlife in the area. It should be fun and interesting to talk to people and interview them on these issues that so many people are having in Manyara. 

Morning bike ride view of Lake Manyara

Looking inside the woodcarvers' shop at all their work

A strip of shops in the Maasai Market in Mto Wa Mbu

And of course, the delicious banana milkshakes!

Saturday, June 15, 2013

Homestays (with lots of photos!)

            Lesson of the day: you don’t need a whole lot to be happy or feel at home. This homestay experience was one to remember for a lifetime even though it only lasted a matter of hours. I was paired with a student named Germanus who is actually from the area and is a part of the SFS program because he has a degree in wildlife management from one of Tanzania’s universities. He speaks Swahili and Iraqw (the dialect of the people we were staying with), which made my life a lot easier, although I did get by with my Swahili! It was the Iraqw that I needed help with. And apparently the Iraqw language does not come easily – Germanus told me it takes years to understand and learn even when you are from an Iraqw-speaking family!
            We stayed with Mama Regina, a wonderful, joyful woman who lived only a few minutes from the camp site. She and her 16 year-old daughter Martina (Tina, for short) were the only ones home (Mama Regina’s husband was already out in the fields away from the house by the time we arrived in the morning). Immediately after arriving, we were given chai tea and I was given a traditional ‘kitenge’, which is a cover-up skirt that many women wear to protect their clothes when they are working around the house. I was also given a head wrap, which Germanus proudly told me “made me look like a traditional African woman”. It was such a warm gesture and I was honored and truly thankful for such kindness from people I had just met. But remember the lesson of the day and all of these moments will make sense.
            After getting the proper attire, I was put to work with Tina to sweep the front of the house, wash dishes left over from breakfast, get food for the cows from a sunflower field down the road, feed the cows, and then start lunch. I’ll tell you first hand – a woman’s work in an African household is no joke. Although the father or man of the house may be away earning money in the fields, an office, or any other employment, the woman is the rock and core of the family and its survival. While I was doing all those things, Germanus was taking pictures for me because he had very little to do. I told him he was the designated photographer because I was not going to let him get away with doing nothing! He did chop some firewood, but it still wasn't nearly as much as what I was assigned!
            Tina and I made conversation throughout the day very easily. She is in secondary school, and at that level, all classes (except Swahili) are taught in English. We talked about the differences between life in Tanzania and life in America (what kind of jobs there are, buildings, homes, animals, school subjects, etc.). She told me she loved biology and that she wants to be a community doctor, which I told her was a great idea.
            Lunch was delicious! It was made with produce and things that the SFS staff had bought for us to give to the host families – rice, cabbage, tomatoes, onions, carrots, cornmeal, oil, salt, sugar, and meat. We cut the vegetables, made the rice, and cooked the meat all in a small hut that consisted of two little cookers, a few stools to sit on while stirring, and some firewood. Out of that tiny kitchen came a comforting, home cooked meal that the four of us enjoyed (with chai tea, of course!)
            After lunch, we rested outside for a while and chatted. Mama Regina spoke little English, but we understood each other perfectly. In a situation like this one, all you really need to know is ‘please’, ‘thank you’, and ‘good’. All of which I knew and didn't need Germanus' help with, so Mama Regina was very pleased about that! When we had rested enough, we took a walk down to another house, which I was told was the home of Mama Regina’s husband’s family. Again, we were welcomed with tea and warmth – in both senses of the word because the sun was out in full blast. At the husband’s home, coffee beans, corn, and nuts were being harvested and collected. When we had finished our tea, we walked around the area for a bit and played with a few of the younger children.
            Returning to Mama Regina's, it was almost time to go back to camp. Tina and I finished doing dishes that were left over from lunch and talked again about our lives – as much as we could compare them! Later on, I took out my notebook and drew some pictures of the outline of the U.S., what skyscrapers looked like, the names of my parents (baba yangu and mama yangu!), and in the end I made her a paper crane, a house, and a box using my handy origami skills. She and Mama Regina were very impressed! After another cup of chai, we took a few more group photos and then it was time to leave.
            We, as a whole group, debriefed our experiences back at camp after dinner, talking about how everyone’s day went and some of the funny and unexpected things that had happened. Again I’ll say, and I cannot stress this enough, that life here is so much better than life in America. The cultural dynamic is one of a close community that is supportive, generous, and loving – which is probably why I fell in love with Africa the first time and why I keep coming back. It’s refreshing to be in a place where you are welcomed no matter where you have come from or what your status in the world may be. And in this household, where they had one bedroom, two cookers, four cows, three chairs, and a table – I felt like I belonged there. It was an unforgettable experience, and it has truly made me appreciate more than ever what it means to be part of a wonderful family and part of a loving community. 

Cleaning up the front area of the house with Tina

Tina and Mama Regina milking the cows to make the chai tea

Attempting to gather the cows' food the way Tina showed me to!

... And then feeding one of the baby cows!

Sorting through the grains of rice - while discussing favorite school subjects!

The final products of our cooking!

Coffee beans being collected at the father's family's house.

One of the cuties I found in the family's kitchen!

Tina with the paper crane I made her (one wing says "Tina", the other "Tess")

A picture with Germanus and Mama Regina - so thankful for her warmth and hospitality!

Friday, June 14, 2013

Lazy Day at Camp

           It was a really slow day at camp – so, sadly, there are no pictures today! We had the morning off to finish our baboon behavior papers and then a few lectures in the afternoon. The first lecture was about the local wildlife problems and how an area with so much pastoralism, agriculture, and livestock can deal with wildlife coming into farms and the livestock grazing areas. We’ll be going to Manyara Conservation Area on Monday and talking to people there about what they've done to prevent wildlife from interfering too much with livestock resources. The second lecture was about the culture of the Iraqw (the W is supposed to be there, it’s not a typo!) so we can know how to respect their culture when we go on the homestays tomorrow. It should be fun! We've been told that these families are going to have us working with them on their daily activities like cattle herding, cleaning, and cooking, as well as hanging out with the kids (who are going to be off from school). It will definitely be an experience, so plenty of pictures to come!

Thursday, June 13, 2013

Elephants, elephants, elephants!

            As if I haven’t seen enough elephants already! Today’s trip to Lake Tarangire National Park was unbelievable and FILLED with elephants. We were mainly going to study the behavior and group dynamic of elephant groups – although our observations were often sidetracked by the other species in the park! Zebras, giraffes, water bucks, and some beautiful birds were the main distractions. But the wildlife was amazing and so up close. At one point, a mother and her two elephant babies were feeding only ten meters away from our cars. After allowing us to snap photos for a few minutes, I guess she had had enough of us and started slowly walking towards our cars. After our professor started the engine and began backing away, she continued to pursue us and shook her ears a few times (a warning sign to move away!). We drove off, but not before she started to slowly jog towards the vehicle!
            In addition to the elephant excitement, we also got to see some LIONS! Although they were farther away, I was still able to see them through my binoculars. It was a young male and a young female sitting with one another in the sand. At one point, he tried getting cozy with the female, but she was not having it and roared at him. So loud! Looking defeated, he moved away into the shade and stayed there for a while. For our first look at lions, it was pretty comical.
            We took a break after about 3 hours of observations at a lodge located within the park. It was mainly a tourist hotel, but we were able to order sodas and some food. The Coca-Colas here are just so good! The fact that they’re made with real sugar makes them so sweet and addictive. There was also a nearby gift shop where some people picked up gifts and trinkets to bring home (some of you will be receiving gifts, as well!).
            Tomorrow we learn more about lion ecology and their social behavior. Later next week, we head to Ngorongoro National Park, where our professor, Dr. Kioko, has said we will have a 100% chance of seeing a lion! Can’t wait!
            In addition to that lecture, we’ll also have a guest lecture come and talk about cultural aspects of the tribes in the area. On Saturday, we’ll be going in pairs to different families and spending the day with them. Most of the families don’t speak English, so communication will be interesting to say the least! But I’m so excited to get away from studying a bit and learning more about the people here and their lifestyles. The days here are just getting better and better!

So close!

Oh, hi!

View from the lodge!

The mother elephant ... before she started to chase us away.

Other SFS students - best car crew by far!

Wednesday, June 12, 2013

Bird Watching and Hiking

            For all you birdwatchers out there – today is the day to tune in (shout out to you, Mom!). In the morning, we had a brief lecture about local birds seen often in Northern Tanzania and Kenya and the typical processes used to collect data about birds. Mist netting, transects, and point counts were just some of the techniques we learned about. After the lecture, we hiked up to the top of Moyo Hill and stopped every 250 meters to listen and look for different bird species. Of the interesting birds we saw, some of them were the Sacred Ibis, Baglafecht weaver, and Fan-Tailed Widow bird . All were very far away, so sadly no pictures! But look them up, you won’t be disappointed!
            After coming back from the hike, we had lunch and then headed into our afternoon lecture, which I was very excited about because we are (drumroll…) studying elephants tomorrow in Lake Tarangire National Park!! YES! We had a brief overview of African elephants and their behaviors, social organization, and other important characteristics such as eating habits, reproductive cycles, and habitat ecology. With this information, we’ll be going on a two hour drive to observe the elephants’ behavior in a similar way we previously did with the baboons. I can’t wait! Plenty more pictures to come – don’t worry!

First group picture! At the top of Moyo Hill after bird watching.

Can't wait to see more of this tomorrow!

Tuesday, June 11, 2013

Community Interviews

            Today was a relatively quiet day here at Moyo Hill. We only had one field trip in the morning and the rest of the afternoon to work on our baboon analysis papers. We went into different communities to interview families about what their opinions were on the human-wildlife conflict in the area. It was very interesting to hear their points of view on these issues that seem so foreign to us but are so prevalent in their everyday lives.
            Most families had been experiencing problems with the wildlife that drifts in and out of the nearby conservation areas. Elephants, buffalo, hyenas, and warthogs are the most popular animals seen on farms at night. Most of them come during the rainy seasons when the crops are plentiful and healthy. These families are mostly farmers of small areas of land and don’t have a high amount of income. Some of them were up to 10 people living off of what their farms can provide them with.
            Unfortunately, they see these species wildlife a lot and the economic problems the animals create are a huge waste of crops and money for these families. Most are growing corn, beans, wheat, and sunflowers – all of which are favorable food choices for the nearby wildlife – especially elephants. In addition, these families have livestock to take care of (cattle, goats, sheep, chickens, and sometimes pigs. Many told us how their livestock is mostly at risk of hyenas, which go after the domestic animals during the night.
            When asked about possible solutions to these wildlife conflicts, most said construction of better fences around town areas so that wildlife cannot charge through and onto their crops. A few suggested the government set up guards or other forms of security around the edges of the conservation areas so that wildlife could be stopped before it even tried to leave the protected areas. When wildlife enters their property, all most of them can do sis chase them away themselves and then report the incidents to the local government, which has a very poor response rate. All the interviewees said that they thought the government wasn't doing nearly enough to help them or farmers in general who are dealing with these problems. They want more communication and a better response rate to the reported wildlife conflicts.
            One of the biggest issues I found was that children are taught nothing about wildlife species or wildlife practices in school. We interviewed 5 families, three with children from ages 5 to 10, and each child said they hadn't learned anything about wildlife in school. Their only true encounters with the wildlife were during the times they were raiding their family’s farmland. When asked if they would want to learn about wildlife, most children said yes. Education is often overlooked as a solution to these types of problems about the environment, but in this case, it really could make a difference. Instead of seeing elephants and buffalo as threats and negative species, children could be learning about why they are important to keep in ecosystems and the benefits of having them around.
            Another interesting pattern turned out to be the difference in opinion about wildlife between men and women. The majority of the women of the households interviewed said they didn't like the wildlife because it made their lives more difficult. Men, however, recognized the importance of the wildlife and said they liked having it around – specifically the national parks – and would go there during their leisure time. Perhaps the difference of household chores and responsibilities makes it harder for women than men to get things done if wildlife continues to interfere. It was very interesting – definitely something I hadn't thought about before.
            But not all was depressing about the interviews. When asked what they wanted to be when they grew up, all the kids said they wanted to be teachers. There is hope for education in Tanzania! And maybe that education can someday include safe, efficient, wildlife practices. Until then, we’ll just have to keep informing people as much as possible about the benefits of wildlife!
            
Nicolette, Natalie, and Emily with our first interviewed family.

The largest family we interviewed. They have lived in the same place for over 35 years!

One of the smaller houses in the village.

Monday, June 10, 2013

Baboon Observations and Other Wildlife

            Today was a very easy day. We went to Lake Manyara National Park and observed baboons for only about an hour and a half. Observing the baboons was fun. Since it was early in the morning,  most of the baboons were resting when we got to the park - sitting on the side of the paths and grooming one another. As the morning went on an afternoon came, more activity could be seen from the younger members of the baboon troops (chasing, jumping, and playing with one another). There also were quite a few mothers with newborns clinging to their stomachs! Their interactions were really fun to watch and seeing them walk and climb trees just reminded us about how closely we truly are to primates.
            After observing different baboon troops, we were able to finish our drive around the park and look for other wildlife species. Fortunately, we saw tons of elephants, a bunch of zebras, and a giraffe – all closer than we had before! We just got back to camp and for the rest of the day we have to analyze the data we've collected on baboon behavior and begin to work on readings and our assignment.
            Tomorrow we have a field lecture in the morning, but right now the location is TBD. We know it’s going to be somewhere outside of camp, but it still remains a mystery where it is exactly. But we’ll find out soon enough! Hope everyone is enjoying the blog so far. Thanks for reading and commenting! 

A baboon taking a nap!

Zebra grazing near the water

Almost missed this guy because he was so dark in color, but he walked right towards us as we passed by!

And of course, my favorite type of wildlife!

Sunday, June 9, 2013

Lake Manyara National Park!

            Today was by far one of the most exciting – in terms of wildlife sightings! We had a brief lecture in the morning to set us up for our first assignment of the session. Our assignment is to follow a group of baboons in Lake Manyara National Park for two hours, recording their behavior, eating habits, and interactions with other baboons and other species once every 5 minutes. Tomorrow morning, we set out to the park to begin our observations!
            But today, after having some down time to catch up on readings and prepare for future projects, we headed to Lake Manyara National Park for a game drive to practice identifying species. And YES! We saw amazing wildlife! Including… a whole herd of elephants!!! To start off small, we saw plenty of baboons, including some mother with what looked like very new babies! After wards, we saw impalas, giraffes, zebra, a few lizards, and multiple species of monkeys and birds just to name a few! Driving back to the front gate, we heard a few elephant trumpets and slowed our vehicle down. Looking to our right in the trees, we saw a herd of 5 elephants, including a mother and her baby, which our guide said seemed to be about 6 years old. They were so close to us we could almost touch them! Suddenly, the mother made her way out towards the road, right behind our car. She started towards us, flapping her ears (a precautionary warning sign), and we started the car, moving about 5 feet away. After she surveyed the area and saw we weren't leaving the car, she crossed the road and behind her came her baby and the rest of the herd – which happened to be way more than just 5! We counted 12 as we were leaving and all of them hadn't even left the brush yet. It was so breathtaking and exciting!
            Just imagine, a week in and I’ve seen so much of the wildlife in just one national park – the Serengeti and the rest of the national parks are going to be just as good! But there was something about these elephants acknowledging our presence and passing by us only 10 meters away that was so special and so wonderful. I’m sure the Serengeti will be amazing, but for now, I am definitely more than satisfied! And who knows – we’re going back to the same park tomorrow to make our observations about baboons, so maybe we’ll just have to have a run in with maybe, say, a lion? We’ll see! Enjoy the photos!

A mother baboon and her baby resting on the side of the path

A lone wildebeest in the distance

Couldn't hide from me!

The mother crossing the road - a truly amazing and beautiful animal